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Graphite (CAS 7782-42-5)
Graphite (CAS 7782-42-5)
Graphite (/ˈɡræfˌaɪt/), archaically referred to as plumbago, is a crystalline form of the element carbon with its atoms arranged in a hexagonal structure. It occurs naturally in this form and is the most stable form of carbon under standard conditions. Under high pressures and temperatures it converts to diamond. Graphite is used in pencils and lubricants. It is a good conductor of heat and electricity. Its high conductivity makes it useful in electronic products such as electrodes, batteries, and solar panels.
Lithium hydroxide monohydrate (CAS 1310-66-3)
Lithium hydroxide monohydrate (CAS 1310-66-3)
Lithium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula LiOH.(H2O)n. Both the anhydrous and hydrated forms are white hygroscopic solids. They are soluble in water and slightly soluble in ethanol. Both are available commercially. While classified as a strong base, lithium hydroxide is the weakest known alkali metal hydroxide.
The preferred feedstock is hard-rock spodumene, where the lithium content is expressed as % lithium oxide.
Maleic anhydrate (CAS 108-31-6)
Maleic anhydrate (CAS 108-31-6)
Maleic anhydride is an organic compound with the formula C2H2(CO)2O. It is the acid anhydride of maleic acid. It is a colorless or white solid with an acrid odor. It is produced industrially on a large scale for applications in coatings and polymers.
Maleic anhydride is produced by vapor-phase oxidation of n-butane. The overall process converts the methyl groups to carboxylate and dehydrogenates the backbone. The selectivity of the process reflects the robustness of maleic anhydride, with its conjugated double-bond system. Traditionally maleic anhydride was produced by the oxidation of benzene or other aromatic compounds. As of 2006, only a few smaller plants continue to use benzene.
Methyl alcohol (methanol) (CAS 67-56-1)
Other names: Carbinol, Columbian spirits, Hydroxymethane, Methyl alcohol, Methyl hydrate, Methyl hydroxide, Methylic alcohol, Methylol, Pyroligneous spirit, Wood alcohol, Wood naphtha, Wood spirit
Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol among others, is a chemical with the formula CH3OH (often abbreviated MeOH). Methanol acquired the name wood alcohol because it was once produced chiefly as a byproduct of the destructive distillation of wood. Today, industrial methanol is produced in a catalytic process directly from carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and hydrogen.
CAS: 67-56-1
Methylene chloride (CAS 75-09-2)
Other names: methylene chloride, dichloromethane
Description:
A popular industrial solvent is an organic compound derived from methane. Mobile transparent liquid without color, volatile, with a characteristic sharp, sweet smell of ether. Slightly soluble in water. It is highly soluble in organic solvents. When dissolved in hot water, it is destroyed, decomposing into hydrochloric acid and formaldehyde. Low toxic compared to other solvents. It reacts with chlorine to produce chloroform. Reacts with other halogens: iodine, bromine. It interacts with alcoholic and aqueous solutions of ammonia. As a result of the reaction with aqueous ammonia, formic and hydrochloric acids and methylamine are obtained. It reacts with aromatic hydrocarbons, for example, with benzene.
CAS: 75-09-2
Monoammonium Phosphate (CAS 7722-76-1)
Monoammonium Phosphate (CAS 7722-76-1)
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP), also known as monoammonium phosphate (MAP) is a chemical compound with the chemical formula (NH4)(H2PO4). ADP is a major ingredient of agricultural fertilizers and some fire extinguishers. It also has significant uses in optics and electronics.
Monoammonium phosphate is soluble in water and crystallizes from it as the anhydrous salt in the tetragonal system, as elongated prisms or needles. It is practically insoluble in ethanol.
Solid monoammonium phosphate can be considered stable in practice for temperatures up to 200 °C, when it decomposes into gaseous ammonia NH3 and molten phosphoric acid H3PO4. At 125 °C the partial pressure of ammonia is 0.05 mm Hg.
A solution of stoichometric monoammonium phosphate is acidic (pH 4.7 at 0.1% concentration, 4.2 at 5%).
N-propyl alcohol (CAS 71-23-8)
Other names: 1-Propanol, n-Propanol, n-PrOH, Ethylcarbinol, 1-Hydroxypropane, Propionic alcohol, Propionyl alcohol, Propionylol, Propyl alcohol, Propylic alcohol, Propylol
1-Propanol is a primary alcohol with the formula CH3CH2CH2OH (sometimes represented as PrOH or n-PrOH). This colorless liquid is also known as propan-1-ol, 1-propyl alcohol, n-propyl alcohol, and n-propanol. It is an isomer of 2-propanol (propan-2-ol, isopropyl alcohol, isopropanol). It is formed naturally in small amounts during many fermentation processes and used as a solvent in the pharmaceutical industry mainly for resins and cellulose esters.
CAS: 71-23-8
Paraformaldehyde (CAS 30525-89-4)
Paraformaldehyde (CAS 30525-89-4)
Paraformaldehyde (PFA) is the smallest polyoxymethylene, the polymerization product of formaldehyde with a typical degree of polymerization of 8–100 units. Paraformaldehyde commonly has a slight odor of formaldehyde due to decomposition. Paraformaldehyde is a poly-acetal.
Potassium hydroxide (flakes) (CAS 1310-58-3)
Potassium hydroxide, Lye, Custic potash, KOH
Potassium hydroxide, also known as lye is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula KOH. Also commonly referred to as caustic potash. It is used in various chemical, industrial and manufacturing applications. Potassium hydroxide is also a precursor to other potassium compounds. Potassium hydroxide is used in food to adjust pH, as a stabilizer, and as a thickening agent.
In addition to the above uses, potassium hydroxide is also used in making soap, as an electrolyte in alkaline batteries and in electroplating, lithography, and paint and varnish removers. Liquid drain cleaners contain 25 to 36% of potassium hydroxide.
Potassium hydroxide (flakes/pears) (CAS 1310-58-3)
Potassium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula KOH, and is commonly called caustic potash.
Along with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), this colorless solid is a prototypical strong base. It has many industrial and niche applications, most of which exploit its caustic nature and its reactivity toward acids. An estimated 700,000 to 800,000 tonnes were produced in 2005. KOH is noteworthy as the precursor to most soft and liquid soaps, as well as numerous potassium-containing chemicals. It is a white solid that is dangerously corrosive. Most commercial samples are ca. 90% pure, the remainder being water and carbonates.
CAS: 1310-58-3
Resorcinol (CAS 108-46-3)
Resorcinol (CAS 108-46-3)
Resorcinol (or resorcin) is an organic compound with the formula C6H4(OH)2. It is one of three isomeric benzenediols, the 1,3-isomer (or meta-isomer). It is a white, water-soluble solid.
Resorcinol crystallizes from benzene as colorless needles that are readily soluble in water, alcohol, and ether, but insoluble in chloroform and carbon disulfide.
Resorcinol is mainly used in the production of resins. As a mixture with phenol, it condenses with formaldehyde to afford adhesives.